[1] Zhao X., Ma L., Hazardous waste treatment for spent pot liner. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2018, 108: 042023.
[2] Flores I.V., Fraiz F., Lopes Junior R.A., Bagatini M.C., Evaluation of spent pot lining (SPL) as an alternative carbonaceous material in ironmaking processes. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2019, 8(1): 33–40.
[3] Holywell G., Breault R., An overview of useful methods to treat, recover, or recycle spent potlining. JOM, 2013, 65(11): 1441–1451.
[4] Tropenauer B., Klinar D., Samec N., Golob J., Kortnik J., Sustainable waste-treatment procedure for the spent potlining (SPL) from aluminium production. Materiali in Tehnologije, 2019, 53(2): 277–284.
[5] Lisbona D.F., Somerfield C., Steel K.M., Leaching of spent pot-lining with aluminium nitrate and nitric acid: effect of reaction conditions and thermodynamic modelling of solution speciation. Hydrometallurgy, 2013, 134–135: 132–143.
[6] Yang K., Gong P., Tian Z., Peng K., Lai Y., Carbon recovered from spent carbon cathode of aluminum reduction cell towards its valorisation as negative electrodes for lithium ion batteries. Diamond and Related Materials, 2020, 109: 108062.
[7] Yao Z., Xiao J., Mao Q., Wang G., Tang L., You Z., Zhong Q., Detoxification and recovery of spent carbon cathodes via NaOH-Na2CO3 binary molten salt roasting-water leaching: toward a circular economy for hazardous solid waste from aluminum electrolysis. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2020, 8(45): 16912–16923.
[8] Li X., Yin W., Fang Z., Liu Q., Cui Y., Zhao J., Jia H., Recovery of carbon and valuable components from spent pot lining by leaching with acidic aluminum anodizing wastewaters. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2019, 50(2): 914–923.
[9] Xie M., Li R., Zhao H., Liu W., Lu T., Liu F., Detoxification of spent cathode carbon blocks from aluminum smelters by joint controlling temperature-vacuum process. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 249: 119370.
[10] Yang K., Gong P., Tian Z., Lai Y., Li J., Recycling spent carbon cathode by a roasting method and its application in li-ion batteries anodes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 261: 121090.
[11] Silveira B., Characterization of inorganic fraction of spent potliners: evaluation of the cyanides and fluorides content. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2002, 89(2–3): 177–183.
[12] Andrade L.F., Davide L.C., Gedraite L.S., The effect of cyanide compounds, fluorides, aluminum, and inorganic oxides present in spent pot liner on germination and root tip cells of lactuca sativa. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2010, 73(4): 626–631.
[13] Andrade-Vieira L.F., Davide L.C., Gedraite L.S., Campos J.M.S., Azevedo H., Genotoxicity of SPL (spent pot lining) as measured by tradescantia bioassays. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2011, 74(7): 2065–2069.
[14] Chandra S., Chauhan L., Murthy R., Saxena P., Pande P., Gupta S., Comparative biomonitoring of leachates from hazardous solid waste of two industries using allium test. Science of the Total Environment, 2005, 347(1–3): 46–52.
[15] Palmieri M.J., Andrade-Vieira L.F., Trento M.V.C., de Faria Eleutério M.W., Luber J., Davide L.C., Marcussi S., Cytogenotoxic effects of spent pot liner (SPL) and its main components on human leukocytes and meristematic cells of allium cepa. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 2016, 227(5): 156.
[16] Sleap S.B., Turner B.D., Sloan S.W., Kinetics of fluoride removal from spent pot liner leachate (SPLL) contaminated groundwater. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2015, 3(4): 2580–2587.
[17] Tschöpe K., Schøning C., Rutlin J., Grande T., Chemical degradation of cathode linings in Hall-Héroult cells—an autopsy study of three spent pot linings. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 2012, 43(2): 290–301.
[18] Turner B.D., Binning P.J., Sloan S.W., A calcite permeable reactive barrier for the remediation of fluoride from spent potliner (SPL) contaminated groundwater. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2008, 95(3–4): 110–120.
[19] Yang G., Ren Q., Zhou L., Xu J., Lyu Q., Effect of atmosphere on HCl releasement during MSWI fly ash thermal treatment. Journal of Thermal Science, 2023, 32(6): 2243–2255.
[20] Gai W.Z., Zhang S.H., Yang Y., Zhang X., Deng Z.Y., Separation of excess fluoride from water using amorphous and crystalline AlOOH adsorbents. ACS Omega, 2021, 6(25): 16488–16497.
[21] Shi Z., Li W., Hu X., Ren B., Gao B., Wang Z., Recovery of carbon and cryolite from spent pot lining of aluminium reduction cells by chemical leaching. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2012, 22(1): 222–227.
[22] Xie W., Zhou F., Liu J., Bi X., Huang Z., Li Y., Chen D., Zou H., Sun S., Synergistic reutilization of red mud and spent pot lining for recovering valuable components and stabilizing harmful element. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 243: 118624.
[23] Peys A., Košir M., Snellings R., Mladenovič A., Horckmans L., Detoxified spent pot lining from aluminum production as (alumino-) silicate source for composite cement and AutoClaved aerated concrete. Applied Sciences, 2021, 11(8): 3715.
[24] Li W., Chen X., Development status of processing technology for spent potlining in China. Essential Readings in Light Metals: Electrode Technologyfor Aluminum Production, Alan Tomsett and John Johnson ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2013, pp. 1064–1069.
[25] Li R., Lu T., Xie M., Liu F., Analysis on thermal behavior of fluorides and cyanides for heat-treating spent cathode carbon blocks from aluminum smelters by TG/DSC-MS & ECSA®. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2020, 189: 110015.
[26] Lisbona D.F., Somerfield C., Steel K.M., Leaching of spent pot-lining with aluminum anodizing wastewaters: fluoride extraction and thermodynamic modeling of aqueous speciation. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2012, 51(25): 8366–8377.
[27] Nemchinova N.V., Tyutrin A.A., Somov V.V., Study of influence of parameters of leaching fluorine from spent pot lining. Materials Science Forum, 2019, 946: 552–557.
[28] Xiao J., Yuan J., Tian Z., Yang K., Yao Z., Yu B., Zhang L., Comparison of ultrasound-assisted and traditional caustic leaching of spent cathode carbon (SCC) from aluminum electrolysis. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2018, 40: 21–29.
[29] Yuan J., Xiao J., Li F., Wang B., Yao Z., Yu B., Zhang L., Co-treatment of spent cathode carbon in caustic and acid leaching process under ultrasonic assisted for preparation of SiC. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2018, 41: 608–618.
[30] Fan E., Li L., Lin J., Wu J., Yang J., Wu F., Chen R., Low-temperature molten-salt-assisted recovery of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries. ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering, 2019, 7: 16144–16150.
[31] Li D., Guo X., Xu Z., Tian Q., Feng Q., Leaching behavior of metals from copper anode slime using an alkali fusion-leaching process. Hydrometallurgy, 2015, 157: 9–12.
[32] Liang Y., Liu Y., Lin R., Guo D., Liao C., Leaching of rare earth elements from waste lamp phosphor mixtures by reduced alkali fusion followed by acid leaching. Hydrometallurgy, 2016, 163: 99–103.
[33] Nygård H.S., Danielsen F., Olsen E., Thermal history of wood particles in molten salt pyrolysis. Energy Fuels, 2012, 26(10): 6419–6425.
[34] Wang J., He B., Xie L., Bei K., Li G., Chen Z., Chou I.-M., Lin C., Pan Z., Determination of CO2 solubility in water and NaCl solutions under geological sequestration conditions using a fused silica capillary cell with in situ Raman spectroscopy. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2019, 64(6): 2484–2496.
[35] Yin H., Lu B., Xu Y., Tang D., Mao X., Xiao W., Wang D., Alshawabkeh A.N., Harvesting capacitive carbon by carbonization of waste biomass in molten salts. Environmental Science & Technology, 2014, 48(14): 8101–8108.
[36] Guo Q., Qu J., Qi T., Wei G., Han B., Activation pretreatment of limonitic laterite ores by alkali-roasting method using sodium carbonate. Minerals Engineering, 2011, 24(8): 825–832.
[37] Yao Z., Zhong Q., Xiao J., Ye S., Tang L., Zhang Z., An environmental-friendly process for dissociating toxic substances and recovering valuable components from spent carbon cathode. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2021, 404: 124120.
[38] Hu H., Xie K., Chen T., Xu S., Yang F., Li X., Li A., Yao H., Performance of calcium-added molten alkali carbonates for high-temperature desulfurization from pyrolysis gases. Renewable Energy, 2020, 145: 2245–2252.
[39] Jin G., Iwaki H., Arai N., Kitagawa K., Study on the gasification of wastepaper/carbon dioxide catalyzed by molten carbonate salts. Energy, 2005, 30(7): 1192–1203.
[40] Li Y., Ni H., Zhou Y., Li D., Zheng F., Zhang M., Guo M., Kinetic study of titanium-bearing electric arc furnace molten slag treated by molten sodium hydroxide. Minerals & Metallurgical Processing, 2017, 34(1): 44–52.
[41] Xie M., Zhao H., Wu Z., Liu W., Li R., Liu F., Study on kinetics of vacuum heat treatment process of the spent cathode carbon blocks from aluminum smelters. Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy, 2020, 6(4): 715–723.
[42] Li J., Stoliarov S.I., Measurement of kinetics and thermodynamics of the thermal degradation for charring polymers. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2014, 106: 2–15.
[43] Li J., Stoliarov S.I., Measurement of kinetics and thermodynamics of the thermal degradation for non-charring polymers. Combustion and Flame, 2013, 160(7): 1287–1297.
[44] McKinnon M.B., Ding Y., Stoliarov S.I., Crowley S., Lyon R.E., Pyrolysis model for a carbon fiber/epoxy structural aerospace composite. Journal of Fire Sciences, 2017, 35(1): 36–61.
[45] Wang H., Hu H., Yang Y., Liu H., Tang H., Xu S., Li A., Yao H., Effect of high heating rates on products distribution and sulfur transformation during the pyrolysis of waste tires. Waste Management, 2020, 118: 9–17.
[46] Zeng K., Yang X., Xie Y., Yang H., Li J., Zhong D., Zuo H., Nzihou A., Zhu Y., Chen H., Molten salt pyrolysis of biomass: the evaluation of molten salt. Fuel, 2021, 302: 121103.
[47] Stoliarov S., Lyon R., Thermo-kinetic model of burning for pyrolyzing materials. Fire Safety Science, 2008, 9: 1141–1152.
[48] Stoliarov S.I., Leventon I.T., Lyon R.E., Two-dimensional model of burning for pyrolyzable solids: 2D model of burning for pyrolyzable solids. Fire and Materials, 2014, 38(3): 391–408.
[49] Ding Y., McKinnon M.B., Stoliarov S.I., Fontaine G., Bourbigot S., Determination of kinetics and thermodynamics of thermal decomposition for polymers containing reactive flame retardants: application to poly (lactic acid) blended with melamine and ammonium polyphosphate. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2016, 129: 347–362.
[50] Sun G., Zhang G., Liu J., Xie W., Evrendilek F., Buyukada M., (Co-) combustion behaviors and products of spent potlining and textile dyeing sludge. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019, 224: 384–395.
[51] Tang H., Xu M., Hu H., Yang F., Yang Y., Liu H., Li X., Yao H., In-situ removal of sulfur from high sulfur solid waste during molten salt pyrolysis. Fuel, 2018, 231: 489–494.
[52] Akyurtlu J.F., Akyurtlu A., Catalytic gasification of Pittsburgh coal char by potassium sulphate and ferrous sulphate mixtures. Fuel Processing Technology, 1995, 43(1): 71–86.
[53] McKee D.W., Mechanisms of the alkali metal catalysed gasification of carbon. Fuel, 1983, 62(2): 170–175.
[54] Yeboah Y.D., Xu Y., Sheth A., Godavarty A., Agrawal P.K., Catalytic gasification of coal using eutectic salts: identification of eutectics. Carbon, 2003, 41: 203–214.
[55] Xiao J., Zhang L., Yuan J., Yao Z., Tang L., Wang Z., Zhang Z., Co-utilization of spent pot-lining and coal gangue by hydrothermal acid-leaching method to prepare silicon carbide powder. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2018, 204: 848–860.
[56] Yuan J., Xiao J., Tian Z., Yang K., Yao Z., Yu B., Zhang L., Optimization of purification treatment of spent cathode carbon from aluminum electrolysis using response surface methodology (RSM). Asia‐Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018, 13(1): e2164.
[57] Yang K., Li J., Huang W., Zhu C., Tian Z., Zhu X., Fang Z., A closed-circuit cycle process for recovery of carbon and valuable components from spent carbon cathode by hydrothermal acid-leaching method. Journal of Environmental Management, 2022, 318: 115503.
[58] Brisson P.-Y., Darmstadt H., Fafard M., Adnot A., Servant G., Soucy G., X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of sodium reactions in carbon cathode blocks of aluminium oxide reduction cells. Carbon, 2006, 44(8): 1438–1447.
