[1] Wang J., Kong L.X., Bai J., Xue K., Zhu X.L., Luo Y.D., Zhao X.P., Li H.Z., Guo Z.X., Bai Z.Q., Li W., Characterization of slag from anthracite gasification in moving bed slagging gasifier. Fuel, 2021, 292: 120390.
[2] Krishnamoorthy V., Pisupati S.V., A critical review of mineral matter related issues during gasification of coal in fixed, fluidized, and entrained flow gasifiers. Energies, 2015, 8(9): 10430–10463.
[3] Liu B., Peng B., Fang X., Liu Z., Comparison of gasification energy efficiency among coal-slurry entrained-flow gasifiers. Coal Conversion, 2018, 41(4): 62–66.
[4] Zheng J., Chi Y., Li J., Wang Y., Hu C., Feature of dioxin generation during gasification of solid waste containing high Cl in fluidized-bed. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China), 2012, 63(3): 910–915.
[5] Han L., Wang Q., Luo Z., Rong N., Deng G., H2 rich gas production via pressurized fluidized bed gasification of sawdust with in situ CO2 capture. Applied Energy, 2013, 109: 36–43.
[6] van Eyk P.J., Kosminski A., Mullinger P.J., Ashman P.J., Control of agglomeration during circulating fluidized bed gasification of a south Australian low-rank coal: Pilot scale testing. Energy & Fuels, 2016, 30(3): 1771–1782.
[7] Liang C., Zhang H., Zhu Z., Na Y., Lu Q., CO2-O2 gasification of a bituminous coal in circulating fluidized bed. Fuel, 2017, 200: 81–88.
[8] Zhang R., Liu D., Wang Q., Luo Z., Fang M., Cen K., Coal char gasification on a circulating fluidized bed for hydrogen generation: Experiments and simulation. Energy Technology, 2015, 3(10): 1059–1067.
[9] Li F., Li Z., Huang J., Fang Y., Understanding mineral behaviors during anthracite fluidized-bed gasification based on slag characteristics. Applied Energy, 2014, 131: 279–287.
[10] Chai Z., Zhu Z., Wang X., Wang K., Sulfur conversions during coal char gasification with a two-stage air supply in a pilot-scale circulating fluidized bed gasifier. Energy Sources Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2019, 42(4): 421–431.
[11] Xiao R., Shen L., Zhang M., Jin B., Xiong Y., Duan Y., Zhong Z., Zhou H., Chen X., Huang Y., Partial gasification of coal in a fluidized bed reactor: Comparison of a laboratory and pilot scale reactors. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2007, 24(1): 175–180.
[12] Yu K., Liu W., Zhang H., Zhu Z., Lü Q., Research on gasification of Shenhua coal and blended coal in industrial circulating fluidized bed gasifier. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37(20): 5980–5986.
[13] Zhang Y., Zhang H., Zhu Z., Na Y., Lu Q., Physicochemical properties and gasification reactivity of the ultrafine semi-char derived from a bench-scale fluidized bed gasifier. Journal of Thermal Science, 2017, 26(4): 362–370.
[14] Liu J., Zhu Z., Jiang H., Wang Y., Lu Q., Experimental study of oxygen-enriched gasification in circulating fluidized bed. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2014, 42(3): 297–302.
[15] Mahapatro A., Mahanta P., Gasification studies of low-grade Indian coal and biomass in a lab-scale pressurized circulating fluidized bed. Renewable Energy, 2020, 150: 1151–1159.
[16] Liu J., Experimental study on dual circulating fluidized beds gasification and oxygen-enriched gasification. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2014.
[17] Zhang Y., Study on high temperature combustion and melting characteristics of fine char from fluidized bed gasifier. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, 2018.
[18] Duan L.B., Liu D.Y., Chen X.P., Zhao C.S., Fly ash recirculation by bottom feeding on a circulating fluidized bed boiler co-burning coal sludge and coal. Applied Energy, 2012, 95: 295–299.
[19] Ren Q., Bao S., Combustion characteristics of ultrafine gasified semi-char in circulating fluidized bed. Canada Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2016, 94(9): 1676–1682.
[20] Sua-iam G., Makul N., Utilization of high volumes of unprocessed lignite-coal fly ash and rice husk ash in self-consolidating concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2014, 78: 184–194.
[21] Wu T., Chi M., Huang R., Characteristics of CFBC fly ash and properties of cement-based composites with CFBC fly ash and coal-fired fly ash. Construction and Building Materials, 2014, 66: 172–180.
[22] Borowski G., Ozga M., Comparison of the processing conditions and the properties of granules made from fly ash of lignite and coal. Waste Management, 2020, 104: 192–197.
[23] Teixeira E.R., Camoes A., Branco F.G., Aguiar J.B., Fangueiro R., Recycling of biomass and coal fly ash as cement replacement material and its effect on hydration and carbonation of concrete. Waste Management, 2019, 94: 39–48.
[24] Buentello-Montoya D.A., Zhang X., Li J., The use of gasification solid products as catalysts for tar reforming. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2019, 107: 399–412.
[25] Hernandez J.J., Lapuerta M., Monedero E., Characterisation of residual char from biomass gasification: effect of the gasifier operating conditions. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2016, 138: 83–93.
[26] Li J., Chen Z., Li L., Qiao Y., Yuan Z., Zeng L., Li Z., Study on pore and chemical structure characteristics of atmospheric circulating fluidized bed coal gasification fly ash. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2021, 308: 127395.
[27] Song G., Song W., Qi X., Yang S., Effect of the air-preheated temperature on sodium transformation during Zhundong coal gasification in a circulating fluidized bed. Energy & Fuels, 2017, 31(4): 4461–4468.
[28] Wu Y.-H., Ma Y.-L., Sun Y.-G., Xue K., Ma Q.-L., Ma T., Ji W.-X., Graded synthesis of highly ordered MCM-41 and carbon/zeolite composite from coal gasification fine residue for crystal violet removal. Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, 277: 123186.
[29] Wu Y.-H., Xue K., Ma Q.-L., Ma T., Ma Y.-L., Sun Y.-G., Ji W.-X., Removal of hazardous crystal violet dye by low-cost P-type zeolite/carbon composite obtained from in situ conversion of coal gasification fine slag. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2021, 312: 110742.
[30] Kang Y., Wei X., Liu G., Mu M., Ma X., Gao Y., Zong Z., CO2-hierarchical activated carbon prepared from coal gasification residue: Adsorption equilibrium, isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies for methylene blue removal. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, 28(6): 1694–1700.
[31] Miao Z., Guo Z., Qiu G., Zhang Y., Wu J., Synthesis of activated carbon from high-ash coal gasification fine slag and their application to CO2 capture. Journal of CO2 Utilization, 2021, 50: 101585.
[32] Xu M., Wu Y., Zhang P., Liu Z., Hu Z., Lu Q., Green and moderate activation of coal fly ash and its application in selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. Environmental Science & Technology, 2022, 56(4): 2582–2592.
[33] Geldart D., Types of gas fluidization. Powder Technology, 1973, 7(5): 285–292.
[34] Monson P.A., Understanding adsorption/desorption hysteresis for fluids in mesoporous materials using simple molecular models and classical density functional theory. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2012, 160: 47–66.
[35] Kovacik G., Wong B., Furimsky E., Preparation of activated carbon from western Canadian high rank coals. Fuel Processing Technology, 1995, 41(2): 89–99.
[36] Wu S., Huang S., Ji L., Wu Y., Gao J., Structure characteristics and gasification activity of residual carbon from entrained-flow coal gasification slag. Fuel, 2014, 122: 67–75.
[37] Bhatia S.K., Perlmutter D.D., A random pore model for fluid-solid reactions: I. Isothermal, kinetic control. AlChE Journal, 1980, 26(3):379–86.
[38] Bhatia S.K., Perlmutter D.D., A random pore model for fluid-solid reactions. 2. Diffusion and transport effects. AlChE Journal, 1981, 27(2): 247–254.
[39] Liu G., Benyon P., Benfell K.E., Bryant G.W., Tate A.G., Boyd R.K., Harris D.J., Wall T.F., The porous structure of bituminous coal chars and its influence on combustion and gasification under chemically controlled conditions. Fuel, 2000, 79(6): 617–626.
[40] Gu J., Wu S., Wu Y., Li Y., Gao J., Differences in gasification behaviors and related properties between entrained gasifier fly ash and coal char. Energy & Fuels, 2008, 22(6): 4029–4033.
[41] Tanner J., Bhattacharya S., Kinetics of CO2 and steam gasification of Victorian brown coal chars. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 285: 331–340.
[42] Preciado-Hernandez J., Zhang J., Jones I., Zhu M., Zhang Z., Zhang D., An experimental study of gasification kinetics during steam activation of a spent tyre pyrolysis char. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 2021, 9(4): 105306.
[43] Mani T., Mahinpey N., Murugan P., Reaction kinetics and mass transfer studies of biomass char gasification with CO2. Chemical Engineering Science, 2011, 66(1): 36–41.
[44] Kim R.-G., Hwang C.-W., Jeon C.-H., Kinetics of coal char gasification with CO2: Impact of internal/external diffusion at high temperature and elevated pressure. Applied Energy, 2014, 129: 299–307.
[45] Huo W., Zhou Z., Wang F., Yu G., Mechanism analysis and experimental verification of pore diffusion on coke and coal char gasification with CO2. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2014, 244: 227–233.
[46] Li W.-W., Huang J.-J., Wang Z.-Q., Duan H.-W., Li J.-G., Fang Y.-T., Reaction kinetics of coal char gasification with CO2 and the effect of internal diffusion on the gasification. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2016, 44(12): 1416–1421.
[47] López G., Olazar M., Artetxe M., Amutio M., Elordi G., Bilbao J., Steam activation of pyrolytic tyre char at different temperatures. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2009, 85(1–2): 539–543.
[48] Jiang J., Manufactuing and application technology of activated carbon, Chemical Industry Press, Beijing, 2017.
[49] Li Y., Lu L., Lyu S., Xu H., Ren X., Levendis Y.A., Activated coke preparation by physical activation of coal and biomass co-carbonized chars. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2021, 156: 105137.
[50] Lu Z., Maroto-Valer M.M., Schobert H.H., Role of active sites in the steam activation of high unburned carbon fly ashes. Fuel, 2008, 87(12): 2598–2605.
[51] Zabaniotou A., Madau P., Oudenne P.D., Jung C.G., Delplancke M.P., Fontana A., Active carbon production from used tire in two-stage procedure: industrial pyrolysis and bench scale activation with H2O-CO2 mixture. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2004, 72(2): 289–297.
