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Journal of Thermal Science

热科学学报

Journal of Thermal Science >

2025 , Vol. 34 >Issue 1: 283 - 302

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-024-2055-4

Nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends: Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and Efficient Engine Performance

  • Veeranna MODI ,
  • Prasad B. RAMPURE ,
  • Sunil Kumar SHETTY ,
  • Madeva NAGARAL ,
  • Channa Keshava NAIK N ,
  • Johar MGM ,
  • Muhammad Irsyad ABDULLAH ,
  • Abdullah I. AL-MANSOUR ,
  • Shamshad ALAM
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  • 1. KLE College of Engineering and Technology, Chikodi, Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi 590018, Karnataka, India
    2. Nitte (Deemed to be University), NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Nitte 574110, India
    3. Aircraft Research and Design Centre, HAL, Bangalore 560037, Karnataka, India 
    4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, BGS College of Engineering and Technology, Bengaluru, Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belagavi, India
    5. Management and Science University, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
    6. Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh -11421, Saudi Arabia

Online published: 2025-01-09

Supported by

The authors would like to acknowledge the support provided by Researchers Supporting Project Number RSP2024R424, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Copyright

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024
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Abstract

This study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticlesaddition to biodiesel blends made from dairy milk scum on performance and combustion characteristics of the diesel engine. The dispersion of Al2O3 nanoparticles in B20 blends at different concentrations was done with the help of ultrasonicator. Good number of blends were prepared for the analysis. Advanced Machine learning algorithms (Random Forest (RF) and CatBoost) was used for the prediction. The results show that in comparison to biodiesel blends without nanoparticles, the kinematic viscosity and density is higher for fuel blends with nanoparticles. But these Fuel blends have higher calorific values. These blends exhibited reduced Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) of 2.85% than the blends without nano particles (Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel 20%+Neat Diesel 80% (in volume), DSMEB20), 57.14% less CO, 40.8% less hydrocarbon, and increased NOx emissions compared to conventional diesel, contributing to the development of environmentally friendly and renewable biofuel blends with nanoparticles. DSME B20NP30 is the optimal blend for performance and emission characteristics. The study concludes with findings on enhanced Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) of 26.29% in 3×10–5 (in volume) Al2O3 nanoparticle-blended DSME B20 and other DSME B20 fuel blends, emphasizing the importance of optimal nanoparticle concentration. The correlation matrix shows how engine load, efficiency measures (BTE, BSFC), and emissions (CO, CO2, NOx, Smoke) are connected in complex ways. The results help us understand the complicated dynamics of engine performance and emission characteristics better. Taylor’s diagram for BTE and BSFC shows that CatBoost-based BTE models perform superior to RF-based models during the training as well as testing phase. Similar results were obtained for CO and CO2 emission results.

Key words： Dairy Scum Methyl Ester Biodiesel; CI engine; Al2O3 concentration

Cite this article

Veeranna MODI , Prasad B. RAMPURE , Sunil Kumar SHETTY , Madeva NAGARAL , Channa Keshava NAIK N , Johar MGM , Muhammad Irsyad ABDULLAH , Abdullah I. AL-MANSOUR , Shamshad ALAM . Nano-Enhanced Dairy Scum Biodiesel Blends: Unleashing the Power of Aluminium Oxide for Sustainable and Efficient Engine Performance[J]. Journal of Thermal Science, 2025 , 34(1) : 283 -302 . DOI: 10.1007/s11630-024-2055-4

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Sponsored by: Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences　Publisher: Science Press

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