[1] Lighty J.S., Veranth J.M., Sarofim A.F., Combustion aerosols: Factors governing their size and composition and implications to human health. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2000, 50: 1565‒1618.
[2] Richard G., Gann N.P.B., Combustion products and their effects on life safety. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) September 1, 2008.
[3] Johnson K.S., Zuberi B., Molina L.T., et al., Processing of soot in an urban environment: Case study from the Mexico city Metropolitan area. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2005, 5: 3033–3043.
[4] Shiraiwa M., Selzle K., Pöschl U., Hazardous components and health effects of atmospheric aerosol particles: Reactive oxygen species, soot, polycyclic aromatic compounds and allergenic proteins. Free Radical Research, 2012, 46: 927–939.
[5] Bond T.C., Doherty S.J., Fahey D.W., et al., Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2013, 118: 5380–5552.
[6] Yang G., Teague S., Pinkerton K., et al., Synthesis of an ultrafine iron and soot aerosol for the evaluation of particle toxicity. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2001, 35: 759–766.
[7] McConnell J.R., Edwards R., Kok G.L., et al., 20th-century industrial black carbon emissions altered arctic climate forcing. Science, 2007, 317(5843): 1381–1384.
[8] Rodríguez F., Bernard Y., Dornoff J., et al., Recommendations for post-Euro 6 standards for light-duty vehicles in the European Union.
The International Council on Clean Transportation, https://www.theicct.org/publications/recommendations-post-euro-6-eu.
[9] Mensch A., Santoro R.J., Litzinger T.A., et al., Sooting characteristics of surrogates for jet fuels. Combustion and Flame, 2010, 157: 1097–1105.
[10] Hansen J., Nazarenko L., Soot climate forcing via snow and ice albedos. Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, 2004, 101: 423–428.
[11] Menon S., Hansen J., Nazarenko L., et al., Climate effects of black carbon aerosols in China and India. Science, 2002, 297: 2250–2253.
[12] Zeng P., Wang B.Y., He R., et al., Single-pulse shock tube pyrolysis study of RP-3 jet fuel and kinetic modeling. ACS Omega, 2021, 6: 11039–11047.
[13] Liu Y.X., Richter S., Naumann C., et al., Combustion study of a surrogate jet fuel. Combustion and Flame, 2019, 202: 252–261.
[14] D’Anna A., Combustion-formed nanoparticles. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2009, 32: 593– 613.
[15] Liu Y., Rao D., Wang E., et al., An experimental study on the instability of RP-3 aviation kerosene/air premixed flame. Fuel, 2023, 332: 126038.
[16] Popovitcheva O.B., Persiantseva N.M., Trukhin M.E., et al., Experimental characterization of aircraft combustor soot: Microstructure, surface area, porosity and water adsorption. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2000, 2: 4421–4426.
[17] Kook S., Zhang R., Chan Q.N., et al., Automated detection of primary particles from Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images of soot aggregates in diesel engine environments. SAE International Journal of Engines, 2016, 9: 279–296.
[18] Smooke M.D., Long M.B., Connelly B.C., et al., Soot formation in laminar diffusion flames. Combustion and Flame, 2005, 143: 613–628.
[19] Drakon A., Eremin A., Mikheyeva E., et al., Soot formation in shock-wave-induced pyrolysis of acetylene and benzene with H2, O2, and CH4 addition. Combustion and Flame, 2018, 198: 158–168.
[20] Chu C., Zaher M.H., Thomson M.J., The temperature dependence of soot formation in laminar coflow aromatic flames. Combustion and Flame, 2022, 24: 112074.
[21] Du L.J., Liu Y.X., Tian Z.Y., An experimental and modeling study of oxidation of real RP-3 aviation kerosene. Fuel, 2021, 305: 121476.
[22] Wang H., Frenklach M., A detailed kinetic modeling study of aromatics formation in laminar premixed acetylene and ethylene flames. Combustion and Flame, 1997, 110: 173–221.
[23] Lu W., Mao Q., Chu F.-M., et al., Experimental and simulation studies on flame characteristics and soot formation of C2H2 jet flames. Fuel, 2023, 343: 127814.
[24] Ferrari A.C., Basko D.M., Raman spectroscopy as a versatile tool for studying the properties of grapheme. Nature Nanotechnology, 2013, 8: 235–246.
[25] Ivleva N.P., McKeon U., Niessner R., et al., Raman microspectroscopic analysis of size-resolved atmospheric aerosol particle samples collected with an ELPI: Soot, humic-like substances, and inorganic compounds. Aerosol Science and Technology, 2007, 41: 655–671.
[26] Sadezky A., Muckenhuber H., Grothe H., et al., Raman microspectroscopy of soot and related carbonaceous materials: Spectral analysis and structural information. Carbon, 2005, 43: 1731–1742.
[27] Herdman J.D., Connelly B.C., Smooke M.D., et al., A comparison of Raman signatures and laser-induced incandescence with direct numerical simulation of soot growth in non-premixed ethylene/air flames. Carbon, 2011, 49: 5298–5311.
[28] Commodo M., Joo P.H., De Falco G., et al., Raman spectroscopy of soot sampled in high-pressure diffusion flames. Energy & Fuels, 2017, 31: 10158–10164.
[29] Kuribayashi M., Ishizuka Y., Aizawa T., Sizing of soot particles in diesel spray flame—A qualitative comparison between TEM analysis and LII/Scattering Laser Measurements. SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 2013, 6: 641–650.
[30] Wang H., Formation of nascent soot and other condensed-phase materials in flames. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2011, 33: 41–67.
[31] An Y.Z., Li X., Teng S.P., et al., Development of a soot particle model with PAHs as precursors through simulations and experiments. Fuel, 2016, 179: 246–257.
[32] Tanimoto R., Tezuka T., Hasegawa S., et al., Soot and PAH formation characteristics in a micro flow reactor with a controlled temperature profile. ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference, 2011, Paper No: AJTEC2011-44454.
[33] Yu B., Jiang X., He D., et al., Development of a chemical-kinetic mechanism of a four-component surrogate fuel for RP-3 kerosene. ACS Omega, 2021, 6: 23485–23494.
[34] Tian Z., Tian D., Jin K., et al., Experimental and modeling study on C2H2 oxidation and aromatics formation at 1.2 MPa. Journal of Thermal Science, 2023, 32: 866–880.
[35] Bocchicchio S., Commodo M., Sgro L.A., et al., Thermo-optical-transmission OC/EC and Raman spectroscopy analyses of flame-generated carbonaceous nanoparticles. Fuel, 2022, 310: 122308.
[36] Castiglioni C., Negri F., Rigolio M., et al., Raman activation in disordered graphites of the A1′ symmetry forbidden k≠0 phonon: The origin of the D line. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 2001, 115(8): 3769–3778.
[37] Ferrari A.C., Robertson J., Raman spectroscopy of amorphous, nanostructured, diamond-like carbon, and nanodiamond. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2004, 362: 2477–2512.
[38] Sun X., Hu L., Zhang X., et al., Temperature evolution and external flame height through the opening of fire compartment: Scale effect on heat/mass transfer and revisited models. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 2021, 164: 106849.
