Pulverized coal combustion technology with preheating solid fuel in a circulating fluidized bed was used for the combustion test of ultra-low volatile carbon-based fuel. This paper first validated the feasibility and advantages of applying the combustion technology to this kind of fuel. The carbon-based fuel could achieve a stable preheating process in this test system. After the preheating, the apparent sensible heat of the fuel was significantly increased. This provided a necessary condition for the stable ignition and efficient combustion of the carbon-based fuel in the post-combustion chamber. The relative proportions of CO, H₂, and CH₄ in preheated coal gas were very low, and the effect of high-temperature coal gas at the entrance of the post-combustion chamber was greatly impaired, indicating that the combustion process in post-combustion chamber was mainly the combustion of preheated char. At the same time, the strong reducing atmosphere in the circulating fluidized bed also facilitated the reduction of fuel-nitrogen into N₂, which resulted in low NO_x emissions. On this basis, with the combination of preheating combustion technology and air-staging combustion technology, the NO_x emissions had drastically decreased when the burnout air distribution position moved down or varied from a single-layer distribution to a multi-layer distribution system. The lowest original NO_x emissions were 90.6 mg/m³ (at 6% O₂), and the combustion efficiency exceeded 97%, which ultimately achieved efficient and clean combustion of ultra-low volatile carbon-based fuel.