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2024 , Vol. 33 >Issue 3: 899 - 913

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-024-1951-y

Stall Evolution Mechanism of a Centrifugal Compressor with a Wide-Long Vaneless Diffuser

  • ZHANG Lei ,
  • KANG Jiacheng ,
  • LANG Jinhua ,
  • AN Guangyao ,
  • ZHANG Qian ,
  • WANG Longyao ,
  • WANG Qifang
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  • 1. Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China 
    2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency Power Generation Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China

网络出版日期: 2024-04-30

基金资助

The authors would like to acknowledge the supports of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52076079), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2022502048, E2020502013), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2022MS085, 2023MS121), Post-graduate’s Innovation Fund Project of Hebei Province (No. CXZZSS2024162, No. CXZZBS2024165).

版权

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024
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Stall Evolution Mechanism of a Centrifugal Compressor with a Wide-Long Vaneless Diffuser

  • ZHANG Lei ,
  • KANG Jiacheng ,
  • LANG Jinhua ,
  • AN Guangyao ,
  • ZHANG Qian ,
  • WANG Longyao ,
  • WANG Qifang
Expand
  • 1. Department of Power Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China 
    2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Low Carbon and High Efficiency Power Generation Technology, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China

Online published: 2024-04-30

Supported by

The authors would like to acknowledge the supports of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52076079), Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (E2022502048, E2020502013), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2022MS085, 2023MS121), Post-graduate’s Innovation Fund Project of Hebei Province (No. CXZZSS2024162, No. CXZZBS2024165).

Copyright

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024
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摘要

离心压缩机旋转失速机理研究对于离心压缩机稳定性及热力循环过程而言十分重要，关于此问题大部分的研究主要针对失速初始阶段展开，而关于宽长无叶扩压器失速团的演化规律还未被深入研究。本文深入分析了宽长扩散器旋转失速的原因及失速过程中失速团的三维演化机制。在失速诱发阶段，扩压器出口轮毂侧的逆流区内出现环状涡结构，这是失速团的初始形态。随着流速的降低，失速团的演化过程可以分为三个阶段：在失速初始阶段，叶轮尾迹和逆压梯度共同作用建立起一个动态平衡，使得失速团个数在该阶段维持在7个，且失速团大小保持不变；在过渡阶段，扩压器内部流动不稳定性增强，失速团延伸发展至叶轮出口，叶轮尾迹效应显著增强，失速团开始规律性融合和分离，由此造成在同一质量流量下，失速团个数和传播速度却呈现出周期性变化。在深度失速阶段，失速团大小保持不变，失速团个数维持在1个。本研究对离心压缩机的高效设计及安全运行具有重要的实践指导意义和工程价值。

关键词： centrifugal compressor; wide-long vaneless diffuser; stall evolution mechanism; wake flow

本文引用格式

ZHANG Lei , KANG Jiacheng , LANG Jinhua , AN Guangyao , ZHANG Qian , WANG Longyao , WANG Qifang . Stall Evolution Mechanism of a Centrifugal Compressor with a Wide-Long Vaneless Diffuser[J]. 热科学学报, 2024 , 33(3) : 899 -913 . DOI: 10.1007/s11630-024-1951-y

Abstract

The rotating stall mechanism is of high importance for the stability of centrifugal compressors and thermal power cycles. The majority of research concerning this topic has concentrated on the initial stall phase. However, the evolution of stall cells in wide-long diffusers has not been comprehensively studied. In this paper, the causes of rotating stall in the wide-long diffuser and the three-dimensional evolution mechanism of stall cells during the stall process were thoroughly analyzed. During the stall induction phase, an annulus vortex structure was found in the reverse-flow zone near the hub side of the diffuser outlet, which was the initial form of stall cells. The whole evolution process of stall cells was divided into three phases as the flow rate decreased. During the initial stall phase, the dynamic equilibrium was built under effects of the impeller wake and the adverse pressure gradient. As a result, the number of stall cells was kept at seven and the size of stall cells remained constant. During the transition phase, the flow in the diffuser became unstable. Stall cells extended to the impeller outlet, and the effect of the wake flow was strengthened significantly. Stall cells started integrating and separating regularly. As a result, the number and propagation speed of stall cells varied periodically at a constant mass flow rate. During the deep stall phase, the size of stall cells remained unchanged, and the number of stall cells kept at one. This study has important practical guidance and engineering value for the high-efficiency design and safe operation of centrifugal compressors.

Key words： centrifugal compressor; wide-long vaneless diffuser; stall evolution mechanism; wake flow

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