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Journal of Thermal Science

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2024 , Vol. 33 >Issue 1: 190 - 206

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-023-1839-2

Design Optimization and Operating Performance of S-CO2 Brayton Cycle under Fluctuating Ambient Temperature and Diverse Power Demand Scenarios

  • YANG Jingze ,
  • YANG Zhen ,
  • DUAN Yuanyuan
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  • Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of MOE, Beijing Key Laboratory for CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

网络出版日期: 2024-01-16

基金资助

This work was supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 3202014).

版权

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023
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Design Optimization and Operating Performance of S-CO2 Brayton Cycle under Fluctuating Ambient Temperature and Diverse Power Demand Scenarios

  • YANG Jingze ,
  • YANG Zhen ,
  • DUAN Yuanyuan
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  • Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of MOE, Beijing Key Laboratory for CO2 Utilization and Reduction Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Online published: 2024-01-16

Supported by

This work was supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 3202014).

Copyright

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023
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摘要

超临界CO2（S-CO2）布雷顿循环因其具有提高效率和降低成本的潜力而有望在塔式太阳能热发电系统中取代蒸汽朗肯循环。由于配置储热装置的聚光式太阳能热发电站通常位于干旱地区并且用于提供可灵活调节的输出电力，因此S-CO2布雷顿循环不得不在波动的气温和多样的电力需求场景下运行。此外，循环设计工况将直接影响非设计工况性能。在本研究中，分析了设计工况、气温和电力需求的分布对循环运行性能的综合影响，并率先提出了非设计工况性能图谱，独创性地提出了一种在不同气温和电力需求条件下具有运行性能反馈机制的循环设计方法。结果表明，压缩机入口温度选取低取值设计方案不利于循环在低负荷下高效运行和在高气温下保持足够出力。年均效率受平均电力需求的影响最大，而负荷满足系数受平均气温的影响显著。通过多目标优化，压缩机入口温度设计值的最优解在气温较低的德令哈地区接近最小值35°C，而在气温较高、平均电力需求较低、高温期内峰值负荷较大且持续时间较长的情景下，达格特地区的最优解达到44.15°C。如果将Daggett地区轻工业电力需求应用场景下的循环压缩机入口温度设计为35°C而不是44.15°C，则负荷满足系数将降低0.027，但年均效率几乎无法提高。

关键词： supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle; ambient temperature fluctuating; power demand scenarios; design optimization; off-design performance

本文引用格式

YANG Jingze , YANG Zhen , DUAN Yuanyuan . Design Optimization and Operating Performance of S-CO2 Brayton Cycle under Fluctuating Ambient Temperature and Diverse Power Demand Scenarios[J]. 热科学学报, 2024 , 33(1) : 190 -206 . DOI: 10.1007/s11630-023-1839-2

Abstract

The supercritical CO2 (S-CO2) Brayton cycle is expected to replace steam cycle in the application of solar power tower system due to the attractive potential to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Since the concentrated solar power plant with thermal energy storage is usually located in drought area and used to provide a dispatchable power output, the S-CO2 Brayton cycle has to operate under fluctuating ambient temperature and diverse power demand scenarios. In addition, the cycle design condition will directly affect the off-design performance. In this work, the combined effects of design condition, and distributions of ambient temperature and power demand on the cycle operating performance are analyzed, and the off-design performance maps are proposed for the first time. A cycle design method with feedback mechanism of operating performance under varied ambient temperature and power demand is introduced innovatively. Results show that the low design value of compressor inlet temperature is not conductive to efficient operation under low loads and sufficient output under high ambient temperatures. The average yearly efficiency is most affected by the average power demand, while the load cover factor is significantly influenced by the average ambient temperature. With multi-objective optimization, the optimal solution of designed compressor inlet temperature is close to the minimum value of 35°C in Delingha with low ambient temperature, while reaches 44.15°C in Daggett under the scenario of high ambient temperature, low average power demand, long duration and large value of peak load during the peak temperature period. If the cycle designed with compressor inlet temperature of 35°C instead of 44.15°C in Daggett under light industry power demand, the reduction of load cover factor will reach 0.027, but the average yearly efficiency can barely be improved.

Key words： supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle; ambient temperature fluctuating; power demand scenarios; design optimization; off-design performance

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