气动

Real-Time Instability Detection of Centrifugal Compressors Based on Motor Speed Measurements

  • CHEN Haoxiang ,
  • ZHUGE Weilin ,
  • QIAN Yuping ,
  • ZHANG Yangjun ,
  • LIU Hongdan
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  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    2. Chongqing Jiangjin Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Chongqing 402263, China

网络出版日期: 2023-11-28

基金资助

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFB1501004).

版权

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022

Real-Time Instability Detection of Centrifugal Compressors Based on Motor Speed Measurements

  • CHEN Haoxiang ,
  • ZHUGE Weilin ,
  • QIAN Yuping ,
  • ZHANG Yangjun ,
  • LIU Hongdan
Expand
  • 1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
    2. Chongqing Jiangjin Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation, Chongqing 402263, China

Online published: 2023-11-28

Supported by

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2018YFB1501004).

Copyright

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022

摘要

为保证离心压气机安全稳定运行,需要对压气机流动进行实时监测,避免其发生流动失稳。目前一般通过压气机稳态流动参数测量结合压气机性能图谱判断压气机是否在稳定区域工作,或通过压气机动态压力测量判断压气机流动是否失稳。由于压气机的稳定工作边界会随着工作时间发生变化以及动态压力传感器价格昂贵等原因,这些方法均难以实现压气机流动失稳的实时在线识别。随着高速电机技术的进步,电动离心压气机的应用越来越广泛。对电动离心压气机可通过电机电流和转速等信号进行流动失稳识别。本文通过实验研究了采用电机转速和相电流信号识别离心压气机流动失稳的可行性。通过对电动离心压气机实验测量的动态压力信号和电机信号的时域和频域分析,获得了这些信号在不同工况下的特征,提出了对转速信号进行短时傅里叶变换的流动失稳实时识别方法。结果表明,利用转速信号可清晰识别出压气机流动失稳发展过程中的旋转失速、轻喘和深喘等流动状态,利用相电流信号只能识别喘振状态。对转速信号进行窗口大小为0.5秒的短时傅里叶变换,可实时捕捉到压气机流动失稳现象。此外,短时傅里叶变换还可消除由控制器引起的转速信号干扰。

本文引用格式

CHEN Haoxiang , ZHUGE Weilin , QIAN Yuping , ZHANG Yangjun , LIU Hongdan . Real-Time Instability Detection of Centrifugal Compressors Based on Motor Speed Measurements[J]. 热科学学报, 2023 , 32(1) : 310 -329 . DOI: 10.1007/s11630-022-1685-7

Abstract

Flow instability in the centrifugal compressor should be detected and avoided for stable and safe operation. Due to the popularity of electric centrifugal compressors, instability detection could be achieved by measuring motor signals instead of traditional aerodynamic signals. In this paper, the feasibility of instability detection by motor signals (i.e. rotating speed and phase current) was studied experimentally. The physical structure and control method of the electric centrifugal compressor were discussed to reveal the potential of instability detection by motor signals. Dynamic pressure signals and motor signals measured during unsteady experiments were analyzed in the time domain and frequency domain. Characteristics of these signals were then compared under different operating conditions to indicate the feasibility of instability detection by motor signals. Finally, the ability of Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) of rotating speed signals in real-time instability detection was discussed. Results showed that the rotating speed signal is a good alternate for instability detection in spite of signal distortion, while the phase current signal can only detect surge due to the low resolution of the controller. Based on the variations of the amplitude and frequency of rotating speed signals, the real-time instability can be captured accurately by STFT with a window size of 0.5 s. Besides, the interference caused by the controller can be removed by STFT.

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