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Experimental Study on Cooling Down Process of a Nitrogen-Charged Cryogenic Loop Heat Pipe

  • ZHAO Ya’nan ,
  • YAN Tao ,
  • LIANG Jingtao
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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Space Energy Conversion Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2. School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

网络出版日期: 2023-11-28

基金资助

The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51606207) and Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS, China (No. 2018036). It was also partially supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No. 3202033).

版权

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022

Experimental Study on Cooling Down Process of a Nitrogen-Charged Cryogenic Loop Heat Pipe

  • ZHAO Ya’nan ,
  • YAN Tao ,
  • LIANG Jingtao
Expand
  • 1. Key Laboratory of Space Energy Conversion Technology, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2. School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Online published: 2023-11-28

Supported by

The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51606207) and Youth Innovation Promotion Association, CAS, China (No. 2018036). It was also partially supported by Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No. 3202033).

Copyright

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022

摘要

低温回路热管是工作于低温环境下的高效传热设备,在航天卫星和电子等领域有着广阔的应用前景。低温回路热管的降温冷却过程是启动前非常关键的过程,二次回路是使低温回路热管实现降温冷却的主要方式,而目前大部分文献都是针对其正常工作时的传热特性开展研究工作,针对降温冷却过程的研究非常少见。本文针对带有二次回路的液氮温区低温回路热管的降温过程开展实验研究,根据能量守恒定律提出了简单地定性估算降温时间的方法,描述了降温过程中工质在低温回路热管内的两条流动路径,并且对不同次热负荷和工质充注量条件下降温过程进行了实验研究。随着次热负荷的增大,路径Ⅰ中的工质质量流量增大,使降温过程中的第Ш阶段时间显著下降。当工质充气压力在2.99 MPa至3.80 MPa范围内时,工质充注量对降温时间影响很小。但是当充气压力为2.8 MPa时,由于充气压力较低导致低温回路热管内液体工质不足,使其需要经历更长的降温时间。另外还对实验过程中重力作用对各部位温度变化的影响进行了分析。通过本文的研究工作,能够加深对低温回路热管降温过程的认识,有利于低温回路热管的优化工作。

本文引用格式

ZHAO Ya’nan , YAN Tao , LIANG Jingtao . Experimental Study on Cooling Down Process of a Nitrogen-Charged Cryogenic Loop Heat Pipe[J]. 热科学学报, 2023 , 32(1) : 153 -165 . DOI: 10.1007/s11630-022-1688-4

Abstract

Cryogenic loop heat pipes are highly efficient heat transfer devices at cryogenic temperature range, which have promising application prospects in satellites, spacecrafts, electronics, and so on. Cooling down process is a most critical process for a CLHP before startup. At present, secondary loop is a major way for a CLHP to fulfil cooling down and most studies are concentrated on heat transfer characteristics during normal operation. However, few investigations have been carried out on the cooling down process. In this paper, the cooling down process of a nitrogen-charged CLHP assisted with a secondary loop was experimentally investigated. A simple qualitative approach to estimate the cooling down time was proposed according to the law of conservation of energy. The two flow paths of the working fluid in the CLHP during the cooling down process were described. Experimental studies on the cooling down process with various secondary heat loads and working fluid inventory were presented in detail. With the increase of secondary heat load, the elapsed time of Stage III decreased significantly due to the larger mass flow rate in Path I. In addition, the effect of the working fluid inventory on the cooling down time was generally small in the range from 2.99 MPa to 3.80 MPa. However, with 2.80 MPa working fluid inventory, it required much longer cooling down time, which was because of the lack of liquid in the CLHP with low working fluid inventory. Moreover, the influence of gravity on the temperature variation of the components during the experiments was analyzed. This work is beneficial for better understanding of the cooling down process and optimizing of CLHPs.

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