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Journal of Thermal Science

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2023 , Vol. 32 >Issue 2: 822 - 836

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11630-023-1778-y

Effect of Steam Dilution on the MILD Combustion Characteristics of Methane in a Model Combustor

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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

网络出版日期: 2023-11-28

基金资助

The authors would like to acknowledge for the financial support from the National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. 2017-I-0009-0010). We would like to thank Dr. LIU Yan for her assistance in the experimental laser test.

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Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023
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Effect of Steam Dilution on the MILD Combustion Characteristics of Methane in a Model Combustor

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  • 1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy and Power, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
    2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Online published: 2023-11-28

Supported by

The authors would like to acknowledge for the financial support from the National Science and Technology Major Project (Grant No. 2017-I-0009-0010). We would like to thank Dr. LIU Yan for her assistance in the experimental laser test.

Copyright

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023
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摘要

柔和燃烧在燃气轮机燃烧室的应用中具有超低排放的潜力。本文通过实验和模拟手段研究了在干空气和蒸汽稀释条件下平行射流型柔和燃烧器的燃烧特性。燃烧试验在常压下进行，实验当量比范围由贫燃熄火到接近化学当量比为1，空气含湿量的变化范围从0到0.2 kg/kg。通过建立基于柔和燃烧的简化化学反应器网络模型，模拟研究了蒸汽稀释对不同NO生成途径的影响。实验结果表明，在相同的绝热火焰温度下，随着水蒸气含量的增加，反应区逐渐向下游移动。对于高蒸汽含量(0.2 kg/kg)的工况，燃烧反应区分布较广，反应区内反应强度分布更均匀。反应区的平均抬升高度与空气含湿量成正比例关系。对于含湿量为0.2 kg/kg的工况，反应区的平均抬升高度达到干空气工况的2.5倍，也由此带来吹熄的风险。当绝热火焰温度范围为1650-1900 K，空气含湿量变化范围为0-0.2 kg/kg变化时，氮氧化物的排放始终低于3 ppm(在15%O2下，干空气)，这表明空气含湿量波动较大时该柔和燃烧器能表现出超低氮氧化物排放。模拟结果显示当燃烧器空气入口温度为381 K时，随着蒸汽含量的增加，快速型NO始终在总NO生成量中占主导地位。另外蒸汽稀释也导致CO排放明显升高，低CO排放燃烧的工况范围明显缩小。当空气含湿量达到上限(0.2 kg/kg)时，与干空气工况相比，CO排放量显著增加。此外，具有较高空气含湿量的燃烧工况对应的贫熄火边界对应的当量比也显著较高。

关键词： MILD combustion, steam dilution, chemical reactors network (CRN), NOx emissions

本文引用格式

ZHU Ziru, XIONG Yan, LIU Zhigang, ZHANG Zhedian . Effect of Steam Dilution on the MILD Combustion Characteristics of Methane in a Model Combustor[J]. 热科学学报, 2023 , 32(2) : 822 -836 . DOI: 10.1007/s11630-023-1778-y

Abstract

Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution (MILD) combustion has low emission potential in gas turbines. The present work has investigated the performance of MILD combustion with parallel-jet burner arrangement in dry and steam-diluted conditions. The combustion tests were conducted in atmospheric pressure at various equivalence ratios from LBO (Lean Blow Out) to near-stoichiometric conditions and steam-to-air mass ratios from 0 to 0.2. A simplified chemical reactors network (CRN) model based on MILD combustion concept has been established to study the effect of steam dilution on different pathways of NO production. The experimental results show that under the same adiabatic flame temperature, the reaction zone gradually moves downstream with the increase of steam content. For the high steam content (0.2 kg/kg), the reaction zone is widely distributed, and the distribution of reaction intensity in the reaction zone is more uniform. The average lift-off height of reaction zone is proportional to the steam content. For the steam content of 0.2 kg/kg, the average lift-off height reaches 2.5 times that of the dry conditions, which brings the risk of blowout. For the adiabatic flame temperature of 1650–1900 K, the emissions of NOx are below 3×10–6 (at 15% O2, dry) when the steam content varies from 0 to 0.2 kg/kg, which indicates the ultra-low emissions can be obtained under large changes in steam content. For the inlet temperature of 381 K, as the steam content increases, the Prompt NO is dominant in the total NO production. Steam dilution results in a smaller operating range with lower CO emissions. When the steam content reaches 0.2 kg/kg, compared to the dry condition, the carbon monoxide emission increases significantly. In addition, the LBO equivalence ratio of combustion with larger steam content is significantly higher.

Key words： MILD combustion, steam dilution, chemical reactors network (CRN), NOx ; emissions

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