Temperature Fluctuation of a Closed-Cycle Helium Joule-Thomson Cryocooler with Two-Stage Precooling

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  • 1. School of Energy and power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 20093, China
    2. Shanghai Institution of Technology and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China

网络出版日期: 2023-11-27

基金资助

This study is financially supported by the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51806231), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB35000000), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 18ZR1445600), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M630476).

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Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023

Temperature Fluctuation of a Closed-Cycle Helium Joule-Thomson Cryocooler with Two-Stage Precooling

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  • 1. School of Energy and power Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 20093, China
    2. Shanghai Institution of Technology and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China

Online published: 2023-11-27

Supported by

This study is financially supported by the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51806231), the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB35000000), the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (No. 18ZR1445600), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M630476).

Copyright

Science Press, Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, CAS and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023

摘要

对于量子1通信、单光子探测、毫米波探测等空间科学仪器,均需要工作在液氦温区以实现优异的工作性能。闭式氦节流制冷机(JTC)是目前实现空间液氦温区制冷的主流方案之一。在实现液氦温区的同时,探测器对JTC的温度稳定性有着严格的要求。典型的闭式氦JTC大多通过两级预冷机进行预冷,当JTC中直流压缩机的运行参数不变时,预冷温度的变化是影响制冷温度波动的主要因素。为了探究制冷温度波动的影响机理,进行了理论和实验研究。基于实际气体状态方程,量化分析了各个参数对制冷温度的影响。研究结果表明,各级温度的升高将导致制冷温度的提高,其中二级预冷温度的变化对制冷温度的影响最为明显。此外,还研究了直流压缩机气库容积Vb对制冷温度的影响。通过增加Vb,可以有效减少由预冷机温度变化引起的制冷温度变化。

本文引用格式

CHEN Zhichao, CUI Xiaoyu, LIU Shaoshuai, WU Yinong, JIANG Zhenhua, DING Lei . Temperature Fluctuation of a Closed-Cycle Helium Joule-Thomson Cryocooler with Two-Stage Precooling[J]. 热科学学报, 2023 , 32(4) : 1501 -1511 . DOI: 10.1007/s11630-023-1819-6

Abstract

For quantum communications, single-photon detection, millimeter wave detection and other space projects, all of them need to work at liquid helium temperatures to achieve excellent performance. The closed-cycle helium Joule-Thomson cryocooler (JTC) is currently one of the mainstream solutions to realize the liquid helium temperature. While realizing the liquid helium temperature, the detector has strict requirements on the temperature fluctuation of the JTC, because the thermal noise caused by the JTC temperature fluctuation will have a critical impact on the detection performance. The typical closed-cycle helium JTC is precooling by a two-stage precooler. When the operating parameters of the JTC compressor remain unchanged, the change of the precooler is the main factor that affects the temperature fluctuation of the JTC. To explore the influence mechanism of JTC temperature fluctuations, experimental and theoretical studies are carried out. Based on the real gas equation of state, the influence of various parameters on the evaporator temperature fluctuations is explained. Research results show that the increase in temperature of each stage will cause the temperature of the JTC to increase. Especially, the change of the secondary precooling temperature (Tpre2) has the most obvious influence on JTC temperature. Furthermore, the influence of the JT compressor’s buffer tank volume Vb on temperature fluctuation is studied. By increasing the Vb, the JTC temperature fluctuation caused by the temperature change of the precooler can be effectively reduced.

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